The ftpcp() function in Lib/ftplib.py was not updated when CVE-2021-4189 was fixed. While makepasv() was patched to replace server-supplied PASV host addresses with the actual peer address (getpeername()[0]), ftpcp() still calls parse227() directly and passes the raw attacker-controllable IP address and port to target.sendport(). This patch is related to CVE-2021-4189.

`xml.parsers.expat` and `xml.etree.ElementTree` use insufficient entropy for Expat hash-flooding protection, which allows a crafted XML document to trigger hash flooding.\r\n\r\nFully mitigating this vulnerability requires both updating libexpat to 2.8.0 or later and applying this patch.

http.cookies.Morsel.js_output() returns an inline <script> snippet and only escapes " for JavaScript string context. It does not neutralize the HTML parser-sensitive sequence </script> inside the generated script element. Mitigation base64-encodes the cookie value to disallow escaping using cookie value.

The method "sock_recvfrom_into()" of "asyncio.ProacterEventLoop" (Windows only) was missing a boundary check for the data buffer when using nbytes parameter. This allowed for an out-of-bounds buffer write if data was larger than the buffer size. Non-Windows platforms are not affected.

The "profiling.sampling" module (Python 3.15+) and "asyncio introspection capabilities" (3.14+, "python -m asyncio ps" and "python -m asyncio pstree") features could be used to read and write addresses in a privileged process if that process connected to a malicious or "infected" Python process via the remote debugging feature. This vulnerability requires persistently and repeatedly connecting to the process to be exploited, even after the connecting process crashes with high likelihood due to ASLR.

Use-after-free (UAF) was possible in the `lzma.LZMADecompressor`, `bz2.BZ2Decompressor`, and `gzip.GzipFile` when a memory allocation fails with a `MemoryError` and the decompression instance is re-used. This scenario can be triggered if the process is under memory pressure. The fix cleans up the dangling pointer in this specific error condition. The vulnerability is only present if the program re-uses decompressor instances across multiple decompression calls even after a `MemoryError` is raised during decompression. Using the helper functions to one-shot decompress data such as `lzma.decompress()`, `bz2.decompress()`, `gzip.decompress()`, and `zlib.decompress()` are not affected as a new decompressor instance is used per call. If the decompressor instance is not re-used after an error condition, this usage is similarly not vulnerable.

Mitgation of CVE-2026-4519 was incomplete. If the URL contained "%action" the mitigation could be bypassed for certain browser types the "webbrowser.open()" API could have commands injected into the underlying shell. See CVE-2026-4519 for details.

The webbrowser.open() API would accept leading dashes in the URL which could be handled as command line options for certain web browsers. New behavior rejects leading dashes. Users are recommended to sanitize URLs prior to passing to webbrowser.open().

pkgutil.get_data() did not validate the resource argument as documented, allowing path traversals.

When an Expat parser with a registered ElementDeclHandler parses an inline document type definition containing a deeply nested content model a C stack overflow occurs.