In checkReadPermission of PermissionsManager.java, there is a possible way to monitor sensitive device state data due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

A pre-authentication OS command injection vulnerability has been identified in Omada gateways configured to operate as an OpenVPN Server due to insufficient validation of client-supplied data during OpenVPN connection establishment. An unauthenticated remote attacker may provide specially crafted input influencing backend command execution logic before authentication completes. Exploitation requires the OpenVPN Server feature to be enabled, VPN service reachable by the attacker and attacker to be able to initiate an OpenVPN connection attempt.  Successful exploitation may allow arbitrary command execution, potentially leading to full compromise of the affected device.

A vulnerability exists in the Dynamic DNS (DDNS) functionality of TP-Link Omada Gateways. During communication with a third-party DDNS service, authentication credentials are transmitted over an unencrypted channel. An attacker who can observe or manipulate traffic between an affected device and the DDNS service may obtain sensitive authentication information or interfere with DDNS update operations. Exploitation requires DDNS to be configured, communication with an external DDNS service, and attacker visibility or control of the relevant network path.  Successful exploitation may result in disclosure of DDNS account credentials, unauthorized access to DDNS management functionality, or modification of DNS records associated with the affected deployment.

An unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability was identified in GMS 9.5.1 (Build 9510.1044) and earlier versions which allows remote attacker to read sensitive data and perform arbitrary file write via zipslip.

An authenticated command injection vulnerability was identified in GMS Command-Line Interface (CLI) 9.5.1 (Build 9510.1044) and earlier versions which allows low-privileged local user to execute system commands with root privileges.

An insecure handling of serialized objects vulnerability was found in the one of the service of GMS application 9.5.1 (Build 9510.1044) and earlier versions. A local attacker with the ability to interact with the service could exploit this behavior to perform unauthorized actions through the affected component.

An insufficient certificate validation in a privileged communication workflow, was identified in a GMS application 9.5.1 (Build 9510.1044) and earlier versions which, under a successful MitM attack and controlled network conditions, could permit unauthorized changes.

Multiple Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities were identified in GMS 9.5.1 (Build 9510.1044) and earlier versions that allow a remote attacker to execute javascript script in a user's browser.

An unauthenticated command injection vulnerability was identified in the GMS Dispatcher Service in GMS 9.5.1 and earlier versions which allows remote attacker to perform remote code execution through specially crafted requests.